When preparing solutions used in the ceramics and enamels industry,
it may be necessary to include additives in order to obtain a fluid
paste or a well-dispersed solution. So phosphates such as STPP (sodium
tripolyphosphate) and SHMP (sodium hexametaphosphate) are used as
dispersing agents.
In manufacturing refractories, some phosphates
such as TSPP (tetrasodium pyrophosphate) also act as dispersing
agents, but also facilitate the elimination of iron by simple
cleaning. In addition, MALP (monoaluminium phosphate), MAP
(monoammonium phosphate), and purified sulphuric acid may be
used as binding agents directly in the cohesion of the end
product.
Sodium fluoride (NaF) acts as a fluxing agent,
i.e. it lowers the fusion temperature of some mixtures which
in turn leads to a reduction in energy costs. Fluorine derivatives
(NaF, SSF, PSF) are also used as enamelling agents.
